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{No.Mode'L) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

-L. J. GRE OELIUS. MOLD FOR CASTING METAL SKELETON FRAMES.

No. 557,190. Pa'tentedMar. 31, 1.896.

zzai' zgg @2125, 02am ANDREW B4GRM1AM4 PHOTO-UYHO.WASNINGTON.D C.

4 Sheets-SheetB.

Patented Ma'r. 31, 1896.

L. J; CRECELIUS. MOLD FOR CASTING METAL SKELETON FRAMES.

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

L. J. ORECELIUS. MOLD FOR CASTING METAL S-KELETDN' FRAMES. No. 557,190.-

Patented Mar. 31,1896.

ANDREW BLIMIMIL PHOTOLH'HQWASHINGTON. D Cv UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS J. CRECELIUS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TOIVILLIAH GRAYSON, OF SAME PLACE.

MOLD FOR CASTING METAL SKELETON FRAMES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 557,190, dated March31, 1896.

I Application filed April 1, 1895. Serial No. 544,087. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LOUIS J. CRECELIUS, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Molds for Casting Metal Skeleton Frames;and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to provide means for casting bifurcatedskeleton metal ingots.

My invention consists in the devices and combinations of deviceshereinafter fully set forth and claimed.

Myinvention also consists of and comprises certain details ofconstruction, arrangement, and combination of elements hereinafter setforth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated by the accompanyingdrawings, in Which Figure 1 is an interior face elevation of one sectionof the mold on the indicated line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a top view orplan of the complete mold. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the completemold, as indicated by arrow in Fig. 2. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are detailsectional plan views on the line 4 6 of Fig. 1, illustrating theconstruction and manner of packing of the mold-joints. Fig. 7 is anelevation, partly in section, illustrating the mold containing the coresand ingot as in practical use. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the moldproper, one only of the binding-clamps being positioned. Fig. 9 is asectional plan of the mold on the indicated line 9 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10is a transverse sectional elevation of the mold on the indicated line 1010 of Fig. 8. Figs. 11, 12, and 13 are detail transverse sectional viewsof the bifurcated portion of the frame on the indicated lines 11 11, 1212, and 13 13, respectively, of Fig. 8. Fig. 14 is a transversesectional elevation in detail of the pouring-gate of the mold on theindicated line 14 14 of Fig. 8. Fig. 15 is a detail trans- 5o versesectional view on the line 15 15 of Fig.

8, illustrating the manner of clamping and means employed to clamp themembers of the mold in rigid yet detachable contact. Fig.

16 is a perspective illustrating the ingot as Withdrawn from the moldand carrying the gates and cores. Fig. 17 is a detail side elevation,partly in section, of portions of the ingot. Fig. 18 is a plan, partlyin section, on the line 18 18 of Fig. 17. Fig. 19 is a detail sectionalelevation on the line 19 19 of Fig.

18. Fig. 20 is a detail elevation showing manner of removing keys. Fig.21 is a detail sectional plan on line 21 21 of Fig. 17.

The mold illustrated, described and claimed 6 5 in this application isespecially designed for giving form and consistency to an ingot such asis shown in Fig. 16, which ingot comprises vertical tubular bars A andB, a solid top bar 0, forming oblique angles with the bars A B, atubular bottom bar D, forming oblique angles with the bottom ends of thetubular bars A B, solid divergent legs E F, forming oblique angles withthe tubular bar B, solid divergent braces 11 I, forming oblique angleswith the tubular bar B and the legs E F, solid cross-bars J K, Fig. 7,respectively connecting the legs E F and the braces II I adjacent to thebar B, and sullage-pieces L M, connected to and rising from the bar 0and legs E F adjacent to the bar B, the bars, braces and legs eachintegrally joining an adjacent bar, brace or leg, and conj-unctivelyforming a diamond-shaped frame having a stay in its shortest diameterand bifurcated at one end, which ingot or frame is homogeneous in itsconsistency, of superior strength and lightness, being preferably madeof aluminium or aluminium alloy.

Properly-to form the above-described frame 0 or ingot by a process ofcasting I have provided a mold to engage and give form to the outersurface of said frame by receiving molten metal therein, which mold, forthe present purposes, may be composed of a solid sub- 5 stance ofpermanent characteristics, such as metal.

The material of which the mold is formed should be fusible at atemperature materially higher than the fusing temperature of the ingot.

The mold comprises four sections 31 32 33, the section 30 being shapedto form the outer configuration of one side of the bars A l3 0 D, leg F,and brace I, as shown in Fig. 1. The section 31 is shaped as a partialcounterpart to the section 30 and forms the outer configuration of theopposite sides of the bars A B C D, leg E, and brace II. The section 3is shaped in the form of two legs of a triangle and forms the outerconfiguration of the sides of the leg F and brace I opposite to thesection 30. The section is shaped like the section 32 and forms theouter configuration of the sides of the leg E and brace II opposite tothe'section 31.

By reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 9 it will be seen that portions of thesections 30 31 of the mold are in parallel planes and formed withmatching faces designed for engagement to inclose the space in which thebars A, B, O, and D are to be cast, and that integral portions of saidsections are in divergent planes and formed with faces matching withfaces on the sections 32 33, respectively, which divergent portions ofthe sections 30 31 are employed conjunctively with the said sections 32to partially inelose the space within which the legs E F and braces H Iare to be cast.

Steady-pins 34 are positioned in the section 30 and designed to enterdowel-holes in the sections 31 and 32, whereby lateral contactingmovement of the sections relative to each other is prevented.

Shoulders 35 36 are formed in the divergent portion of the section 30 ofthe mold, Figs. 1 and 2, against which shoulders the extreme ends of thesection 32 abut, and shoulders 37 38 are formed in the divergent portionof the section 31, against which the extreme ends of the section 33abut, Figs. 2 and Shoulders 39 40 are formed on the end portions of thesection 32 at a slight distance from the shoulders 36, and shoulders 4142 are formed on the end portions of the section 33 at a slight distancefrom the shoulders 37 38, and keys 43 44 are seated in the spacesbetween said shoulders and rigidly bind the end portions of the sections33 to the divergent portions of the sections 30 31, Figs. 3, 7, 8, and9.

Recesses 45 are formed in the outer faces cf the sections of the mold,Figs. 8 and 15, and clamps 46 are provided, which clamps have each astud to enter one of said recesses, and a screw 47, seated in said clampopposite said stud, to enter a recess on the opposite section and bindsaid sections securely together.

Gates 48 49 are formed on the sect-ions 3O 31 of the mold, one-half ofeach gate being formed on each section,and communicate with the space ofthe mold adjacent to the bar B and the upper ends of the legs E F,either of which gates may be employed for ingate or vent, as desired.Small vent gates or passages 50 51 are formed in the mold and affordcommunication between the gates 43 49 and the upper end of the space inwhich the bar B is cast.

Eye-plates 52 53 are formed on or fixed to and extend upwardly from thegates 48 49, to which plate securance is had by tackle wherewith totransport the mold.

A core 54 is vertically positioned between the sections 30 31 in thespace in which the barA is to be cast, which core rests in prints 55,formed in the mold at either end thereof. A core 56 is positioned in themold where the bar D is-to be cast and rests at its lower end in acoreprint 57, formed in the mold, a dowelpin 58 being formed on itsupper end, which dowel-pin rests in a recess in the lower end portion ofthe core 54. A core 59 is vertically positioned in the mold where thebar B is to be cast. A dowel-pin 60 is formed on the lower end of thecore 59and rests in a recess formed in the lower end portion of the core56, and the upper end of said core 59 rests in a core-print 61, formedin the mold between the gates 48 49.

The cores 54, 56, and 59 are preferably made of metal tubing, slightlytapered to facilitate withdrawal from the ingot.

The sections of the mold have divergent faces extending from thecontacting or en gaging faces to the outer edges of said sections, andcords 62 are positioned between said di vergent faces of the sectionsadjacent to the said engaging faces, which cords are retain ed inposition by lute 63 interposed between said divergentfaces outside ofand in engagement with said cords. The cords 62 are preferably made ofasbestos and cotton, which will carbonize solid under the influence ofgreat heat, and the lute is preferably made of asbestos and fireclay,which will resist great heat without cracking or scaling.

When it is stated that cotton and asbestos will carbonize solid, it ismeant that cotton is employed as a medium to retain the asbestos inpowdered form in place during the operation of packing, and that whenthe mold is heated the cotton will carbonize and remain in place withthe asbestos instead of pulverizing or forming a fine ash and fallingout of place.

A core is provided for forming the space inclosed by the convergent endportions of the legs E F and the cross-bar J, which core com prises fourkeys 64 65 66 67, all of which abut against the key 43 at one end andare thereat coneaved to engage the convex edge of said key, the upperends of said keys being confined in a space 68 in the mold adjacent tothe upper end of the core 59. The top and bottom faces of the keys 64 6566 67 engage throughout part of their lengths with the adjacent interiorfaces of the mold, and recesses 69 formed in the mold permit the flow ofmolten metal beyond said keys to form the legs E F.

If the gate M is employed as the pouringgate, the communication directfrom said gate to the mold in which the legs E F are cast would be cutoff, were it not for the provision of the recesses 69, by the keys 64 6667. Therefore said recesses are provided in order that, in pouring, themolten metal may be deflected by said keys to one side and flow into themold to form said legs and the cross-bar J.

Lugs 7 O are formed on the top faces of keys 64 and 65 and the bottomfaces of keys 66 and 67 and engage corresponding recesses formed in themold to temporarily retain said keys against longitudinal movement untilthe metal is poured. The horizontal mean or contacting faces of the keys64 65 66 67 are recessed at 71 72 to provide a space in which thecross-bar J is cast, and said keys are also concaved at their outerfaces along the horizontal parting-line at 73 74, Fig. 12, to form theconfiguration of the adjacent faces of the legs E F.

A core is provided for forming the space inclosed by the convergent endportions of the braces II I and the cross-bar K, which core comprisesfour keys 75 76 77 78, constructed identically with the keys 64 65 6667, and positioned in the lower portion of the mold in like manner asthe other said keys are located in the upper portion of the mold.

In practical use the interiors of the mold-sections are thoroughlycleaned and coated with a thin solution of graphite or similar material,which is allowed to dry. The cores 54, 56, and 59 are then placed inposition, which cores are first coated with a thin solution of graphiteor similar material. The section 32 is then located on the section 30and clamped thereto, and the core-keys 65 66 and 76 77 placed inposition. The section 33 is then located on the section 31 and clampedthereto, and the core-keys 64 67 and 75 78 placed in position. Thesection 31 is then placed in proper contact with the section 30 andclamped thereto and the keys 43 44 driven to place. The cords 62 andlute 63 are inserted between the divergent faces of the sections andclosely packed therein. The mold is now ready to be employed in castingthe metal, which castin g of the metal is performed according to certainprocesses described in Letters Patent of the United States, granted tome on the 9th day of April, 1895, No. 537,277. After the ingot is castand cooled it is withdrawn from the mold by removing the keys 43 44 andthe clamps, separating the sections by lateral movement, sawing orotherwise severing the lugs cast in the recesses 69, sawing or otherwisesevering the sullage-pieces, and removing the core-keys 64 65 from thekeys 66 67 to free the cross-bar J, and removing the corekeys 75 76 fromthe keys 77 78 to free the cross-bar K, the division of the core-keysbeing clearly illustrated in Fig. 20. The cores 54, 56, and 59 are thenwithdrawn longitudinally in inverse order.

It will be observed that the shell of the mold a supplementalmold-section for each diver- 8o gent part of the main section,substantially as described.

3. A mold composed of sections having plane faces in contact, the edgesof said sections beyond the plane faces being divergent to form V-shapedchannels to the outer edges of the mold to receive a packing,substantially as described.

4. A mold formed. in four sections, provided with mold-cavities, clampedtogether, and c composed of two parallel parts, divergent bifurcatedlegs connected respectively to the parallel parts and caps clamped tosaid legs, substantially as described.

5. In combination with a mold, a series of o 5 removable core-sectionsin contact, one of said sections being supported at each end in themold-frame, and the remaining sections being supported at one end by theframe and at the other end by the adjacent core-section,

substantially as described.

6. A mold of the class described comprising the section 30 and thesection 31 arranged for contact throughout a portion of their lengthsand diverged throughout the remainder of their lengths, and cap-sections32, 33 shaped for positioning between and contact with the divergentportions of the sections 30, 31, respectively, substantially asdescribed.

7. In a mold of the class described the sections 30, 31, having thecore-prints 55 55, 57, and 61, the core 54 mounted in the core-prints55, 55, the core 56 mounted at one end in the core-print 57 and having adowel-pin 58 on the other end to engage the core 54, the core 59 mountedin the core-print 61 at one end and having a dowel-pin 60 at the otherend to engage the core 56 and means for connecting said sectionsrigidly, yet detachably.

8. A bifurcated mold having the sections 30, 31 with divergentport-ions, the sections 32, 33 interposed between said divergentportions of the sections 30, 31, shoulders 35, 36, 37 and 38 formed onsaid divergent portions, shoulders 39, 40,41 and 42 formed on the endportions of the sections 32, 33, at slight dis tances of separation fromthe first shoulders, and keys 43, 44, inserted between the sections 32,33, and engaging said shoulders.

9. In a mold of the class described, the sec I c tions 30, 31 havingdivergent portions, sections 32, 33 interposed between said divergentportions of the sections 30, 31, core-keys 64, 65, 66 and 67 having therecesses 71, 72 wherein to cast a cross-bar J and recesses 73, 74 toform the configuration of portions of legs E, F, and core-keys 75, 7 6,78 having recesses in which to cast a cross-bar K and recesses in whichto cast the adjacent side portions of braces I, H, which core-keys eachhave a lug 70 designed for engagement with adjacent faces of the mold,and keys 43, L4 arranged T0 for engagement with the mold and keys 4-3,4:42, arranged for engagement With the sections of the mold and the saidcore-keys.

LOUIS J. ORECELIUS. Vitnesses:

CHARLES PIOKLES, A. BORLINGI-IAUS.

